Build the idea
Build exam-ready understanding by connecting the core idea, formulas or facts, worked example and previous NDA questions. Focus on why each rule works, then test it under timed conditions.
Concept
Newton's three laws govern motion. The first defines inertia, the second relates force to the rate of change of momentum (F = ma), and the third states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Momentum = mass × velocity and is conserved in collisions.
Key Points & Formulas
- First law (inertia): a body stays at rest/uniform motion unless acted on by a force.
- Second law: F = ma = rate of change of momentum.
- Third law: action and reaction are equal and opposite.
- Momentum p = mv; conserved when no external force acts.
Worked Example
Q. Find the force needed to accelerate a 5 kg body at 3 m/s².
F = ma.
F = 5 × 3 = 15 N.
